Sandbox

SELECT 
  * 
FROM 
  cscart_bm_locations as l 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_bm_locations_descriptions as d ON d.location_id = l.location_id 
  AND d.lang_code = 'ru' 
  LEFT JOIN cscart_tilda_locations ON l.location_id = cscart_tilda_locations.inner_location_id 
WHERE 
  l.layout_id = 3 
  AND l.dispatch IN ('categories.view') 
  AND (
    FIND_IN_SET(559, l.object_ids) 
    OR l.object_ids = ''
  ) 
ORDER BY 
  l.object_ids desc 
LIMIT 
  1

Query time 0.00169

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "30.49"
    },
    "ordering_operation": {
      "using_temporary_table": true,
      "using_filesort": true,
      "nested_loop": [
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "l",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 287,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 2,
            "filtered": "1.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "28.66",
              "eval_cost": "0.29",
              "prefix_cost": "28.95",
              "data_read_per_join": "665"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "location_id",
              "dispatch",
              "is_default",
              "layout_id",
              "object_ids",
              "custom_html",
              "position"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "((`dev2`.`l`.`layout_id` = 3) and (`dev2`.`l`.`dispatch` = 'categories.view') and ((0 <> find_in_set(559,`dev2`.`l`.`object_ids`)) or (`dev2`.`l`.`object_ids` = '')))"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "d",
            "access_type": "eq_ref",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY"
            ],
            "key": "PRIMARY",
            "used_key_parts": [
              "location_id",
              "lang_code"
            ],
            "key_length": "10",
            "ref": [
              "dev2.l.location_id",
              "const"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 2,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "0.72",
              "eval_cost": "0.29",
              "prefix_cost": "29.95",
              "data_read_per_join": "2K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "location_id",
              "lang_code",
              "name",
              "title",
              "meta_description",
              "meta_keywords",
              "is_tilda_page",
              "tilda_link"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "<if>(is_not_null_compl(d), (`dev2`.`d`.`location_id` = `dev2`.`l`.`location_id`), true)"
          }
        },
        {
          "table": {
            "table_name": "cscart_tilda_locations",
            "access_type": "ALL",
            "possible_keys": [
              "PRIMARY"
            ],
            "rows_examined_per_scan": 1,
            "rows_produced_per_join": 2,
            "filtered": "100.00",
            "using_join_buffer": "hash join",
            "cost_info": {
              "read_cost": "0.25",
              "eval_cost": "0.29",
              "prefix_cost": "30.50",
              "data_read_per_join": "2K"
            },
            "used_columns": [
              "page_id",
              "inner_location_id",
              "project_id",
              "published",
              "page_title",
              "description",
              "images",
              "js",
              "css",
              "errors",
              "status",
              "is_only_content"
            ],
            "attached_condition": "<if>(is_not_null_compl(cscart_tilda_locations), (`dev2`.`cscart_tilda_locations`.`inner_location_id` = `dev2`.`l`.`location_id`), true)"
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Result

location_id	dispatch	is_default	layout_id	object_ids	custom_html	position	lang_code	name	title	meta_description	meta_keywords	is_tilda_page	tilda_link	page_id	inner_location_id	project_id	published	page_title	description	images	js	css	errors	status	is_only_content
554	categories.view	0	3	506,564,565,566,567,572,574,576,577,590,591,592,593,594,596,605,606,607,610,611,558,559,560,568,569,575,597,598,599,600,601,602,603,608,609,612,613,614,627,628,629,631,633,655,656,657,658,659,660,661,662,663,664,687,688,689,690,691,692,694,312,707,708,712,732,733,700,702,703,704,705,706,701,734,735,736,737,738,739,740,741,742,743,748,749,750,751,755,293,294,295,296,328,329,330,331,332,427,428,429,906,907,908,810,815,817,899,900,901,909,816,898,809,756,902,920,752,811,812,813,910,911,912,913,914,915,916,381,382,383,384,385,697,746,747,904,808,814,903,905,917,745,872,873,874,875,876,877,878,879,880,881,882,883,884,885,886,887,888,889,890,891,892,893,894,895,896,897,753,754,297,298,299,300,301,302,303,304,305,306,307,308,309,310,311,313,314,315,316,317,318,319,320,321,322,323,324,325,326,337,338,339,340,557,632,634,918,919,333,334,335,336,341,342,343,344,345,346		39	ru	Категория (Диллеры)				N