SELECT 
  PI.product_id, 
  F1.id AS file_id, 
  F1.path AS file, 
  (
    SELECT 
      PI1.alt 
    FROM 
      `cscart_products__images` PI1 
    WHERE 
      PI1.original_file_id = F1.id
  ) AS file_alt, 
  F2.id AS big_file_id, 
  F2.path AS big_file, 
  (
    SELECT 
      PI2.alt 
    FROM 
      `cscart_products__images` PI2 
    WHERE 
      PI2.watermark_big_file_id = F2.id
  ) AS big_file_alt, 
  F3.id AS small_file_id, 
  F3.path AS small_file, 
  (
    SELECT 
      PI3.alt 
    FROM 
      `cscart_products__images` PI3 
    WHERE 
      PI3.watermark_small_file_id = F3.id
  ) AS small_file_alt 
FROM 
  `cscart_products__images` AS `PI` 
  LEFT JOIN `files` AS `F1` ON `F1`.`id` = `PI`.`original_file_id` 
  LEFT JOIN `files` AS `F2` ON `F2`.`id` = `PI`.`watermark_big_file_id` 
  LEFT JOIN `files` AS `F3` ON `F3`.`id` = `PI`.`watermark_small_file_id` 
WHERE 
  `PI`.`product_id` = 28629

Query time 0.00092

Result

product_id file_id file file_alt big_file_id big_file big_file_alt small_file_id small_file small_file_alt
28629 360924 https://s3.timeweb.cloud/482029f9-prod/products__images/28629_90608f38e208_28763_6b600ea35549_28629_b9f2accea58d_28630_ae18e334967f_%252525D0%252525A0%252525D0%252525B5%252525D1%25252584-1.jpg 360925 https://s3.timeweb.cloud/482029f9-prod/products__images/28629_1eca41c20c78_28763_6b600ea35549_28629_b9f2accea58d_28630_ae18e334967f_%252525D0%252525A0%252525D0%252525B5%252525D1%25252584-1.webp 360926 https://s3.timeweb.cloud/482029f9-prod/products__images/28629_5adbbb400e8a_28763_6b600ea35549_28629_b9f2accea58d_28630_ae18e334967f_%252525D0%252525A0%252525D0%252525B5%252525D1%25252584-1.webp
28629 360927 https://s3.timeweb.cloud/482029f9-prod/products__images/28629_20634954450d_28763_b6b1c6391420_28629_ae1522a69926_28630_cfb122609276_%252525D0%252525A0%252525D0%252525B5%252525D1%25252584-2.jpg 360928 https://s3.timeweb.cloud/482029f9-prod/products__images/28629_fcafe9d9e15e_28763_b6b1c6391420_28629_ae1522a69926_28630_cfb122609276_%252525D0%252525A0%252525D0%252525B5%252525D1%25252584-2.webp 360929 https://s3.timeweb.cloud/482029f9-prod/products__images/28629_d8805b5979ac_28763_b6b1c6391420_28629_ae1522a69926_28630_cfb122609276_%252525D0%252525A0%252525D0%252525B5%252525D1%25252584-2.webp